Clomid is a medication employed in the treatment of fertility problems in women, such as anovulation or infertility, and it contains the active drug Clomiphene . It is also useful for ovarian stimulation during in vitro fertilization procedure. Clomid stimulates the release of gonadotropins, which are biologically active molecules that stimulate the maturation of ovarian follicles and increase the production of estrogen. Clomiphene belongs to the category of drugs called selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM). It works by binding to certain estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, which is a portion of the brain that is responsible for controlling reproductive and sexual functions, among other systems. When the estrogen levels in the body are high, estrogen binds to certain receptors in the hypothalamus and it signals that there is sufficient estrogen, which is called a negative feedback communication. It causes the hypothalamus to decrease its production of gonadotropins, which are molecules that directly stimulate the ovaries to produce more estrogen. The final result is the lowering of estrogen levels. Clomid works by blocking or inhibiting these estrogen receptors, thus “fooling” the hypothalamus that estrogen levels are low. The hypothalamus reacts by increasing its production of gonadotropins to elevate the production of estrogen. This action is especially useful in infertility and anovulation where more gonadotropins are necessary to stimulate the maturation and development of new ovarian follicles.
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Clomid also causes a condition of ovarian hyperstimulation, which is needed during fertilization procedures. Clomiphene is usually given at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. The gonadotropins, which include hormones like FSH and LH, cause the development of an ovarian follicle, which culminates in ovulation and may correct infertility. Although not specifically approved for this purpose, Clomid is sometimes prescribed off-label to treat male hypogonadism, which is a condition where a man has low testosterone levels. It may serve as an effective alternative to TRT (testosterone replacement therapy). Before seeking treatment for this specific indication, make sure to consult with your doctor to determine whether you are an appropriate candidate for Clomiphene therapy to avoid unpleasant adverse events.
Possible side effects
As with most drugs, Clomid (Clomiphene) can cause some side effects. They may be hot flashes, digestive problems, visual disturbances and other rare side effects. Because the medication causes stimulation of ovarian follicles maturation, it may increase the chances of having twins or triplets in certain women who seek treatment for infertility. Although Clomiphene is an effective and safe treatment for infertility, make sure to have a thorough medical checkup before treatment and adjust the dosage according to your doctor’s recommendations. Do not hesitate to report any adverse effects or unusual occurrences during Clomid treatment to your physician.
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